Overview
Shin Splints or exertional compartment syndrome are a common condition in runners. It occurs due to increased stress and pressure in the lower leg area while performing exertional activities, particularly running.
Why & how does it happen?
Shin splints is due to a temporary increase in the pressure in the muscles of the lower leg while running. The pressure increase happens due to a sudden increase in the blood flow to the legs while running. As the covering layer of fascia in the lower leg can be stiff and thick, it can lead to an increase in the pressure build up in the lower leg. That leads to pain, typically at the mid-1/3 and lower-1/3 junction of the lower leg, particularly just next to the shin bone, on both the front and back of the bone.
Who gets Shin Splints?
It is commonly seen in people between the ages of 20 and 50. It is more common in men than in women. It occurs in runners as well as in players, where a lot of footwork is needed.
- Pain on running or walking
- Pain usually subsides after stopping the activity
- Pain recurs on certain levels of activity or running
- Usually no swelling
When to seek medical help?
If the pain is bothering you and limiting your activities or running, then better to get it checked. A thorough assessment by an expert Orthopaedic Surgeon is necessary as the possibility of a stress fracture in the same area needs to be ruled out. Shin splints can be diagnosed clinically, to rule out the stress fracture, an x-ray or even an MRI scan in some patients.
What happens to Shin Splints if no treatment is undertaken?
Shin Splints can limit the level of running or activities one can undertake. It is less likely to resolve by itself. Rest doesn't improve the condition, as shin splints recurs as soon as one resumes the activities.
What happens when I visit the Consultant?
You will be asked about the duration and nature of your symptoms. The consultant will examine you and discuss treatment modalities.
What are the treatment Options?
The treatment modalities range from simple foot stretching exercises, footwear modifications to steroid injection to the shin splints area. In some with persistent problems, surgery in the form of release of the fascia would become necessary.